Questões de Concurso

The International Labour Organization

The International Labour Organization (ILO) is devoted to advancing opportunities for women and men to obtain decent and productive work in conditions of freedom, equity, security and human dignity. Its main aims are to promote rights at work, encourage decent employment opportunities, enhance social protection and strengthen dialogue in handling work-related issues.
Origins and history
The ILO was founded in 1919, in the wake of a destructive war, to pursue a vision based on the premise that universal, lasting peace can be established only if it is based upon decent treatment of working people. The ILO became the fi rst specialized agency of the UN in 1946.
ILO’s vision of decent work
Work is central to people’s well-being. In addition to providing income, work can pave the way for broader social and economic advancement, strengthening individuals, their families and communities. Such progress, however, hinges on work that is decent. Decent work sums up the aspirations of people in their working lives.
Tripartism and social dialogue
The ILO is the only ‘tripartite’ United Nations agency in that it brings together representatives of governments, employers and workers to jointly shape policies and programmes. This unique arrangement gives the ILO an edge in incorporating ‘real world’ knowledge about employment and work.

Source: http://www.ilo.org/global/About_the_ILO/lang--en/index.htm

Happy new year
Source: www.economist.com
Jul 2nd 2009 (Adapted)

    The mantra in Washington, DC is simple: spend billions now, pay later. Congress has been crafting ambitious plans for energy, health care and transport. But the mood in state capitals has been different. Forty-six states had a deadline of June 0th to pass their budgets. Just as important, those budgets had to be balanced. With the sole exemption of Vermont, America´s state governments, unlike the federal one, are not allowed to run deficits. June was an agonizing
month.
    On the morning of July 1st, the first day of the new fiscal year for most states, taxpayers had reason to be glum. Connecticut, North Carolina and Ohio had passed temporary extensions. California, Arizona, Pennsylvania and Illinois did not have a balanced budget as required.Most states that did pass budgets imposed painful cuts, higher taxes and fees on everything from pesticides in Minnesota to hunting licences in Maine.
    Matters would be worse if it were not for Washington´s stimulus package, which provides more than $135 billion to support state budgets. Most money, $87 billion, is for Medicaid, the government´s health-care programme for the poor. A further $48 billion created a State Fiscal Stabilisation Fund, mostly for schools and universities.

Faith-based politics
Source: Newsweek Magazine (Adapted)
May 25th 2009

Tony Blair, Britain´s longest-serving Labour Prime Minister, left office in 2007 as a relatively young man of 54. At his office in London, Blair spoke to NEWSWEEK´s Stryker McGuire. Excerpts:

Question 1: There´s much evidence that religious beliefs have been a force for evil in the world. How do you persuade people to put faith in faith? Many people do see faith as a source of division and conflict. There is another side that the world of faith isn´t often good enough at putting forward – which is about compassion, solidarity, social justice.

Question 2: How do you think President Barack Obama is doing as a leader and healer on the world scene? He´s created a situation where there is a possibility of a completely different form of engagement with the world of Islam and with the outside world. The single most important thing for him is that his decision to reach out is answered by the rest of the world by a decision to reach back. As I keep saying to people, he doesn´t want cheerleaders; he wants partners. You know, he doesn´t want people to tell him how great he is; he´s perfectly well aware of the transient nature of all that fluff, as it were, around the new president and the first hundred days. He´s trying to change the world in partnership, and he needs partners to do it.

Based on the text above, judge the following items.